Necrotizing periodontitis refers to gum tissue death, bone loss, and tooth loss caused by necrosis. The premature death of body tissue caused by little to no blood flow to the tissue is called necrosis. Necrotizing bacteria can be found in plaque. When it is allowed to build up it can compromise the immune system, subsequently causing rapid multiplication of the bacteria leading to tissue death.
Causes of Necrotizing Periodontitis
Individuals with compromised immune systems are more likely to get necrotizing periodontitis. Conditions that cause immunodeficiencies like HIV and Leukaemia predispose one to necrotizing periodontitis bacteria. Other causes include smoking, immunosuppressant diseases, and chemotherapy treatment.
Symptoms of Necrotizing Periodontitis
Int pain is a consistent sign of necrotizing periodontal disease. It is also common to have bleeding gums, gum ulcers, bad breath, bone loss, and the appearance of black and grayish patches on the gums. Low-grade fever and lymph gland enlargement are also common symptoms of necrotizing periodontitis.
Diagnosis of Necrotizing Periodontitis
Diagnosis is mainly based on clinical examination of the dental cavity. A microbial swab is conducted to reveal the type of microorganisms present. A periodontist will also conduct a dental probe for deep gum ulcers. They will also evaluate any loose teeth and bleeding gums. X-rays are an additional procedure for detecting the extent of bone loss.
Treatment of Necrotizing Periodontitis
Treatment of necrotizing periodontitis can be both non-surgical and surgical. The first phase of treatment involves trying to stop the spread of infection and inflammation. These involve antiseptic mouth rinses, deep cleaning of the gums, removal of damaged tissue, and use of anti-fungal agents. Surgical treatment involves the removal of any necrotized tissue and performing a bone graft or soft tissue graft to repair damaged tissue.
Prevention of Necrotizing Periodontitis
Maintaining good oral hygiene is a key factor in preventing necrotizing periodontitis. Risk factors like smoking and stress are also factors that should be avoided to exacerbate the likelihood of the condition. Treatment of predisposing diseases also helps prevent necrotizing periodontitis.
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Necrotizing periodontitis refers to gum tissue death, bone loss, and tooth loss caused by necrosis. The premature death of body tissue caused by little to no blood flow to the tissue is called necrosis. Necrotizing bacteria can be found in plaque. When it is allowed to build up it can compromise the immune system, subsequently causing rapid multiplication of the bacteria leading to tissue death.